In addition to the large golf-ball-sized gall on oak, there is a smaller oak gall that is called the jumping oak gall. Oak apples range in size from 2 to 4 centimetres (1 to 2 in) in diameter and are caused by chemicals injected by the larva of certain kinds of gall wasp in … The species of cynipid gall wasps that cause horned/gouty oak galls (the large, woody stem galls often found on pin oak) have what is called an ‘alternating generations’ biology. While most galls do not seriously harm oak trees, most are unsightly and detract from the beauty of the tree. The galls develop over the winter and can be seen in March and April. Title: Oak galls. They are unsightly brown balls that grow from a branch or look like hanging fruit. The first stage is a blister-like leaf gall that occurs along larger leaf veins. Oak galls are not aesthetically pleasing on your tree. Oak apple or oak gall is the common name for a large, round, vaguely apple-like gall commonly found on many species of oak. So the native Quercus is truly a full-spectrum habitat plant! Both oak galls look similar — the difference being that gouty oak gall bark is smooth, while horned oak gall bark has small horns that extend around the gall. What is meant by this is that in the early spring the wasps emerge from the woody stem galls, and the females oviposit in the swelling buds of the host tree. Type of Resource: Title: August 2017. 2. Marble galls only contain the larvae of one female wasp, which then lays its eggs in the buds of the Turkey oak. Gouty oak twig galls are smooth; hormed oak galls have horn-like projections. The second stage is a knotty twig gall that is started in mid-summer and becomes fully mature in 1 to 2 years. These small BB-sized galls easily fall off the plant and bounce around, giving the appearance of the gall … Oak marble gall. The wasp was intentionally introduced from the Mediterranean in the 1800s because its galls have a high tannin content, which was useful for tanning leather and dyeing cloth. One female wasp can emerge from each horn. Oak marble galls are caused by another gall wasp, this time Andricus kollari. Like many other oaks, they also occasionally form large galls, as wide as 5 cm or more. Gall development is a reaction by the plant tissue to feeding or egg laying by various mites and insects. This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. There are also certain moth larvae for which the oak is the only food source. Name(s): Oregon Forest Health Program,, issuing body. Andricus kollari, also known as the marble gall, is a parthenogenetic species of wasp which causes the formation of marble galls on oak trees. These so-called 'oak apples' are in response to the placement of the eggs of a specific wasp on the midrib of leaves. Twig galls may kill individual limbs and sometimes the whole tree. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes. Synonyms for the species include Cynips kollari, Andricus quercusgemmae, A. minor, A. indigenus and A. circulans.. Confusingly, the term "marble gall" is used to describe both the species of wasp and the gall it causes. The culprit is the Cynipid wasp, a tiny member of the Vespidae family that lays its eggs on oak tree leaves. The marble gall is a wasp species that lay their eggs to mature on twigs of scrub oak. The marble gall is found on pendunculate oaks. Adults emerge in the spring. The tiny gall wasp (Cynips maculipennis) is responsible for the small galls that sometimes appear on the underside of the tree's leaves, but they do not seem to negatively impact the health of the tree itself. Hardy to USDA Zone 6 Native to western British Columbia, Washington, Oregon … Many different galls can develop on the same kinds of plants.
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